Антитела являются важным компонентом гуморального иммунитета, в связи с чем их изучение имеет колоссальное значение для молекулярной биологии и медицины. Уникальная способность антител специфично распознавать и связываться с молекулярной мишенью — антигеном — обусловливает их широкое применение в терапии и диагностике заболеваний, а также в лабораторной и биотехнологической практике. Высокая специфичность и аффинность антител обеспечивается наличием в их структуре вариабельных участков, которые не закодированы в геноме человека, а уникальны для каждого конкретного клона В-лимфоцитов — продуцентов антител. Как следствие, информация о последовательностях вариабельных участков антител в базах данных почти отсутствует. Это отличает изучение первичной структуры антител от других протеомных исследований, поскольку подразумевает расшифровку генома В-лимфоцитов либо de novo секвенирование аминокислотной последовательности антител. В данном обзоре на примере ряда протеомных и протео-геномных исследований рассмотрены существующие подходы, которые протеомика может предложить для изучения антител, в частности, для расшифровки их первичной структуры, оценки посттрансляционных модификаций и оптимизации биоинформатических инструментов с учётом специфики анализа антител.
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Ключевые слова: антитела, масс-спектрометрия, секвенирование антител de novo, репертуар антител
Казиева Л.Ш. и др. Протеомика антител // Биомедицинская химия. - 2023. - Т. 69. -N 1. - С. 5-18.
Казиева Л.Ш. и др., "Протеомика антител." Биомедицинская химия 69.1 (2023): 5-18.
Казиева, Л. Ш., Фарафонова, Т. Е., Згода, В. Г. (2023). Протеомика антител. Биомедицинская химия, 69(1), 5-18.
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