Рак мочеполовой системы (РМПС) занимает значительную долю (более одной пятой) в структуре онкологических заболеваний человека, что делает разработку подходов к его ранней диагностике важной задачей современной биомедицины. Перспективными диагностическими и прогностическими биомаркерами онкозаболеваний, в том числе РМПС, служат циркулирующие микроРНК. Эти обнаруживаемые в биологических жидкостях человека короткие (17–25 нуклеотидов) молекулы некодирующей РНК выполняют в клетках регуляторную роль. В обзоре рассмотрено современное состояние исследований по оценке микроРНК как биомаркеров таких типов РМПС человека, как злокачественные опухоли мочевого пузыря, почки, предстательной железы, яичек, яичников и шейки матки. Особое внимание уделено исследованиям, посвящённым определению микроРНК в моче как суррогатной “жидкой биопсии”, которая может обеспечивать наиболее простой и дешёвый подход к массовому неинвазивному скринингу РМПС человека. Использование панелей микроРНК вместо единичных типов микроРНК в целом приводит к более высоким значениям чувствительности и специфичности разрабатываемых диагностических тестов. Однако к настоящему времени работы по оценке микроРНК как биомаркеров РМПС человека носят исследовательский характер и дальнейшее внедрение диагностических тестов на основе микроРНК в практику требует проведения успешных клинических испытаний.
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Ключевые слова: рак, мочеполовая система человека, микроРНК, диагностические маркеры
Цитирование:
Кугаевская Е.В., Тимошенко О.С., Гуреева Т.А., Радько С.П., Лисица А.В. (2024) МикроРНК как перспективные диагностические и прогностические маркеры рака мочеполовой системы человека. Биомедицинская химия, 70(4), 191-205.
Кугаевская Е.В. и др. МикроРНК как перспективные диагностические и прогностические маркеры рака мочеполовой системы человека // Биомедицинская химия. - 2024. - Т. 70. -N 4. - С. 191-205.
Кугаевская Е.В. и др., "МикроРНК как перспективные диагностические и прогностические маркеры рака мочеполовой системы человека." Биомедицинская химия 70.4 (2024): 191-205.
Кугаевская, Е. В., Тимошенко, О. С., Гуреева, Т. А., Радько, С. П., Лисица, А. В. (2024). МикроРНК как перспективные диагностические и прогностические маркеры рака мочеполовой системы человека. Биомедицинская химия, 70(4), 191-205.
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