The review highlights metabolism and biological functions of vitamin B1 (thiamine). Thiamine transport systems, enzymes of its biosynthesis and degradation in various organisms, as well as molecular basis of thiamine-dependent hereditary patologies are considered. A special emphasis is given to discuss the role of thiamine triphosphate and adenylated thiamine triphosphate, a new thiamine derivative recently discovered in living cells.
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Keywords: vitamin B1, thiamine, thiamine phosphates, transport, metabolism, biological role
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