Electrochemical methods for biomedical investigations

   
Shumyantseva V.V.1 , Bulko T.V.2, Suprun E.V.2, Kuzikov A.V.2, Agafonova L.E.2, Archakov A.I.2

1. Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; IBMC-EcoBioPharm Company, Moscow, Russia
2. Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
Section: Review
DOI: 10.18097/PBMC20156102188      PubMed Id: 25978386
Year: 2015  Volume: 61  Issue: 2  Pages: 188-202
In the review, authors discussed recently published experimental data concerning highly sensitive electrochemical methods and technologies for biomedical investigations in the postgenomic era. Developments in electrochemical biosensors systems for the analysis of various bio objects are also considered: cytochrome P450s, cardiac markers, bacterial cells, the analysis of proteins based on electro oxidized amino acids as a tool for analysis of conformational events. The electroanalysis of catalytic activity of cytochromes P450 allowed developing system for screening of potential substrates, inhibitors or modulators of catalytic functions of this class of hemoproteins. The highly sensitive quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) immunosensor has been developed for analysis of bio affinity interactions of antibodies with troponin I in plasma. The QCM technique allowed real-time monitoring of the kinetic differences in specific interactions and nonspecific sorption, without multiple labeling procedures and separation steps. The affinity binding process was characterized by the association (ka) and the dissociation (kd) kinetic constants and the equilibrium association (K) constant, calculated using experimental data. Based on the electroactivity of bacterial cells, the electrochemical system for determination of sensitivity of the microbial cells to antibiotics cefepime, ampicillin, amikacin, and erythromycin was proposed. It was shown that the minimally detectable cell number corresponds to 106 CFU per electrode. The electrochemical method allows estimating the degree of E.coli JM109 cells resistance to antibiotics within 2-5 h. Electrosynthesis of polymeric analogs of antibodies for myoglobin (molecularly imprinted polymer, MIP) on the surface of graphite screen-printed electrodes as sensor elements with o- phenylenediamine as the functional monomer was developed. Molecularly imprinted polymers demonstrate selective complementary binding of a template protein molecule (myoglobin) by the "key - lock" principle.
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Keywords: electrochemical biosensors, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP), cytochrome P450, myoglobin, cardiac markers, bacterial cells
Citation:

Shumyantseva, V. V., Bulko, T. V., Suprun, E. V., Kuzikov, A. V., Agafonova, L. E., Archakov, A. I. (2015). Electrochemical methods for biomedical investigations. Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya, 61(2), 188-202.
This paper is also available as the English translation: 10.1134/S1990750815030087
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