The review considers molecular mechanisms underlying formation and development of oxidative stress (OS) in patients with alcohol dependence. The major attention is paid to the effects of ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde associated with additional sources of generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to exogenous ethanol. The own results of studies of the in vitro effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the concentration of peripheral OS markers — products of oxidative modification of proteins (protein carbonyls), lipids (lipid peroxidation products), DNA (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) in blood plasma are presented. The changes in these parameters and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase) in patients with alcohol dependence were analyzed. Own and literature data indicate that at a certain stage of the disease OS can play a protective rather than pathogenic role in the body.
Prokopieva V.D., Vetlugina T.P. (2023) Features of oxidative stress in alcoholism. Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya, 69(2), 83-96.
Prokopieva V.D. et al. Features of oxidative stress in alcoholism // Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya. - 2023. - V. 69. -N 2. - P. 83-96.
Prokopieva V.D. et al., "Features of oxidative stress in alcoholism." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 69.2 (2023): 83-96.
Prokopieva, V. D., Vetlugina, T. P. (2023). Features of oxidative stress in alcoholism. Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya, 69(2), 83-96.
References
Menshchikova E.B., Lankin V.Z., Zenkov N.K., Bondar I.A., Krugovykh N.F., Trufakin V.A. (2006) Okislitel'nyy Stress. Prooksidanty i Antioksidanty. Slovo, Moskva, 556 p. Scholar google search
Pozhilova E.V., Novikov V.E., Levchenkova O.S. (2015) Reactive oxygen species in cell physiology and pathology. Vestnik Smolenskoy Gosudarstvennoy Meditsinskoy Akademii, 14(2), 13-22. Scholar google search
Shlapakova T.I., Kostin R.K., Tyagunova E.E. (2020) Reactive oxygen species: Involvement in cell processes and progression of pathology. Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 46(5), 466-485. CrossRef Scholar google search
Hancock J.T., Desikan R., Neill S.J. (2001) Role of reactive oxygen species in cell signaling pathways. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 29(2), 345-350. CrossRef Scholar google search
Halliwell B., Gutteridge J.M.C. (2015) Free radicals in biology and medicine (5 ed.). Clarendon Press. Oxford. Published in 2015 by Oxford University Press, 851 p. Scholar google search
Pinegin B.V., Vorobjeva N.V., Pashenkov M.V., Chernyak B.V. (2018) The role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in activation of innate immunity. Immunologiya, 39(4), 221-229. CrossRef Scholar google search
Boldyrev A.A. (2003) Role of reactive oxygen species in functional activity of neuronal cells. Uspekhi Phiziologicheskih Nauk, 34(3), 21-34. Scholar google search
Boldyrev A., Aldini G., Derave W. (2013) Physiology and pathophysiology of carnosine. Physiol. Rev., 93(4), 1803-1845. CrossRef Scholar google search
Peng H.Y., Lucavs J., Ballard D., Das J.K., Kumar A., Wang L., Ren Y., Xiong X., Song J. (2021) Metabolic reprogramming and reactive oxygen species in T cell immunity. Front. Immunol., 12, 652-687. CrossRef Scholar google search
Menshchikova E.B., Zenkov N.K., Lankin V.Z., Bondar I.A., Trufakin V.A. (2008) Okislitel'nyy Stress: Patologicheskiye Sostoyaniya i Zabolevaniya. ARTA, Novosibirsk, 284 p. Scholar google search
Kolosova O.N., Kershengolts B.M. (2015) Condition of endogenous ethanol/acetaldehyde system and its role in resistance to alcoholization in populations of northern peoples. Ekologiya Cheloveka, 6, 24-32. CrossRef Scholar google search
Bokhan N.A., Prokopyeva V.D. (2004) Molecular mechanisms of influence of ethanol and its metabolites on erythrocytes in vitro and in vivo. Publishing House of Tomsk University, Tomsk, 166 p. Scholar google search
Zima T. (2018) Alcohol abuse. Electron. J. Int. Fed. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. (eJIFCC), 29(4), 285-289. CrossRef Scholar google search
Dupont I., Bodenez P., Berthou F. (2000) Cytochrome P-450 2Е1 activity and oxidative stress in alcoholic patients. Alcohol Alcohol., 35(1), 98-103. CrossRef Scholar google search
Wu D., Cederbaum A.I. (2003) Alcohol, oxidative stress and free radical damage. Alcohol Res. Health, 27(4), 277-284. Scholar google search
Sun A.Y., Ingelman-Sundberg M., Neve E., Matsumoto H., Nishitani Y., Minowa Y., Fukui Y., Bailey S.M., Patel V.B., Cunningham C.C., Zima T., Fialova L., Mikulikova L., Popov P., Malbohan I., Janebova M., Nespor K., Sun G.Y. (2001) Ethanol and oxidative stress. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 25(5), 237S-243S. CrossRef Scholar google search
Panchenko L.F., Davydov B.V., Terebilina N.N., Baronets V.Yu., Zhuravleva A.S. (2013) Oxidative stress in the alcoholic liver disease. Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya, 59(4), 452-458. CrossRef Scholar google search
Barcia J.M., Flores-Bellver M., Muriach M., Sancho-Pelluz J., Lopez-Malo D., Urdaneta A.C., Martinez-Gil N., Atienzar-Aroca S., Romero F.J. (2015) Matching diabetes and alcoholism: Oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurogenesis are commonly involved. Mediators Inflamm., 2015, 624287. CrossRef Scholar google search
Hyun J., Han J., Lee C., Yoon M., Jung Y. (2021) Pathophysiological aspects of alcohol metabolism in the liver. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22(11), 5717. CrossRef Scholar google search
Li S., Tan H.Y., Wang N., Zhang Z.J., Lao L., Wong C.W., Feng Y. (2015) The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in liver diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 16(11), 26087-26124. CrossRef Scholar google search
Wu D., Cederbaum A.I. (2005) Oxidative stress mediated toxicity exerted by ethanol-inducible CYP2E1 (Review). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 207(2 Suppl), 70-76. CrossRef Scholar google search
Kitam V.O., Maksymchuk O.V., Chashchyn M.O. (2012) The possible mechanisms of CYP2E1 interactions with HSP90 and the influence of ethanol on them. BMC Structural Biology, 12(1), 33. CrossRef Scholar google search
Leung T.M., Nieto N. (2013) CYP2E1 and oxidant stress in alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J. Hepatology, 58, 395-398. CrossRef Scholar google search
Lieber C.S. (1999) Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS): The first 30 years (1968-1998). Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 23(6), 991-1007. CrossRef Scholar google search
Zakhari S. (2006) Overview: how is alcohol metabolized by the body? Alcohol Res. Health, 29(4), 245-254. CrossRef Scholar google search
Contreras-Zentella M.L., Villalobos-García D., Hernández-Muñoz R. (2022) Ethanol metabolism in the liver, the induction of oxidant stress, and the antioxidant defense system. Antioxidants, 11(7), 1258. CrossRef Scholar google search
Ceni E., Mello T., Galli A. (2014) Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease: Role of oxidative metabolism. World J. Gastroenterol., 20(47), 17756-17772. CrossRef Scholar google search
Mizumoto A., Ohashi S., Hirohashi K, Amanuma Y., Matsuda T., Muto M. (2017) Molecular mechanisms of acetaldehyde-mediated carcinogenesis in squamous epithelium. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 18(9), 1943. CrossRef Scholar google search
El-Mas M.M., Abdel-Rahman A.A. (2019) Role of alcohol oxidative metabolism in its cardiovascular and autonomic effects. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol., 1193, 1-33. CrossRef Scholar google search
Yan T., Zhao Y. (2020) Acetaldehyde induces phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 and mitochondrial dysfunction via elevating intracellular ROS and Ca2+ levels. Redox Biology, 28, 101381. CrossRef Scholar google search
Oktyabrsky O.N., Smirnova G.V. (2007) Redox regulation of cellular functions. Biochemistry (Moscow), 72(2), 132-145. CrossRef Scholar google search
Hoek J.B., Cahill A., Pastorino J.G. (2002) Alcohol and mitochondria: A dysfunctional relationship. Gastroenterology, 122(7), 2049-2063. CrossRef Scholar google search
Raha S., Robinson B.H. (2000) Mitochondria, oxygen free radicals, disease and ageing. Trends Biochem. Sci., 64(10), 502-508. CrossRef Scholar google search
Quintanilla M.E., Tampier L. (1992) Ethanol intake: Effect on liver and brain mitochondrial function and acetaldehyde oxidation. Alcohol, 9(5), 375-380. CrossRef Scholar google search
Hasumura Y., Teschke R., Lieber C.S. (1976) Characteristics of acetaldehyde oxidation in rat liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem., 251(16), 4908-4913. CrossRef Scholar google search
Teplova V.V., Belosludtsev K.N., Belosludtseva N.V., Kholmukhamedov E.L. (2010) Role of mitochondria in hepatotoxicity of ethanol. Biophysics, 55(6), 951-958. CrossRef Scholar google search
Tapia-Rojas C., José Pérez M., Jara C., Vergara E.H., Quintanilla R.A. (2017) Ethanol consumption affects neuronal function: Role of the mitochondria. In: Mitochondrial Diseases. (Taskin E., Guven C., Sevgiler Y., ed). IntechOpen, London, 496 pp. CrossRef Scholar google search
Sultatos L.G. (1988) Effects of acute ethanol administration on the hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase system in the rat. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 246, 946-949. Scholar google search
Mira M.L., Manso C.F. (1993) Alcohol and free oxygen radicals. Acta Medica Portuguesa, 6(5), 193-198. Scholar google search
Kono H., Rusyn I., Bradford B.U., Connor H.D., Mason R.P., Thurman R.G. (2000) Allopurinol prevents early alcohol-induced liver injury in rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 293(1), 296-303. Scholar google search
Valko M., Morris H., Cronin M.T.D. (2005) Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr. Med. Chem., 12(10), 1161-1208. CrossRef Scholar google search
Valko M., Jomova K., Rhodes C.J., Kuča K., Musílek K. (2016) Redox- and non-redox-metal-induced formation of free radicals and their role in human disease. Arch. Toxicol., 90(1), 1-37. CrossRef Scholar google search
Sadrzadeh S.M., Nanji A.A., Price P.L. (1994) The oral iron chelator, 1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one reduces hepatic free iron, lipid peroxidation and fat accumulation in chronically ethanol-fed rats. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 269, 632-636. Scholar google search
Romanovskiy V.E., Sin'kova E.A. (2000) Vitaminy i Vitaminoterapiya. Seriya “Meditsina dlya vas”. Feniks, Rostov na Donu, 318 p. Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Plotnikov E.V., Yarygina E.G., Bokhan N.A. (2019) Protective action of carnosine and organic lithium salts in case of ethanol-induced oxidative damage of proteins and lipids of blood plasma in healthy persons and alcoholic patients. Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya, 65(1), 28-32. CrossRef Scholar google search
Fouarge E., Maquet P. (2019) Neurological consequences of alcoholism. Revul Medicale de Liege (French), 74(5-6), 310-313. Scholar google search
Pisoschi A.M., Pop A. (2015) The role of antioxidants in the chemistry of oxidative stress: A review. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 97, 55-74. CrossRef Scholar google search
Liu T., Sun L., Zhang Y., Wang Y., Zheng J. (2022) Imbalanced GSH/ROS and sequential cell death. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 36(1), e22942. CrossRef Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Yarygina E.G., Krotenko N.M., Boyko A.S., Bokhan N.A., Ivanova S.A. (2017) Indices of the antioxidant system and dopamine in blood plasma in the dynamics of microwave resonance therapy in patients with alcoholism. Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova, 117(9), 67-70. CrossRef Scholar google search
Efremenko E.S., Zhukova O.Yu., Titov D.S., Nikonov D.A., Sidorov G.G., Andreev K.A. (2019) Glutathione-dependent antioxidant defense mechanisms in alcoholism. Mejdunarodnii Zhurnal Prikladnich i Fundamentalnich Issledovanii, 4, 105-108. Scholar google search
Long E.K., Rosenberger T.A., Picklo M.J. (2010) Ethanol withdrawal increases glutathione adducts of 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal but not 4-hydroxyl-2-nonenal in the rat cerebral cortex. Free Rad. Biol. Med., 48(3), 384-390. CrossRef Scholar google search
Peter N., Chiramel K.J., A R.S. (2013) Effect of alcohol withdrawal on glutathione-S-transferase, total antioxidant capacity and amylase in blood and saliva of alcohol-dependent males. J. Clin. Diagn. Res., 7(5), 797-800. CrossRef Scholar google search
Ahn C., Kwon D., Jun D., Lee Y., Kim Y. (2015) Enhancement of cysteine catabolism into taurine impacts glutathione homeostasis in rats challenged with ethanol. Amino Acids, 47(6), 1273-1277. CrossRef Scholar google search
Polavarapu R., Spitz D.R., Sim J.E., Follansbee M.H., Oberley L.W., Rahemtulla A., Nanji A.A. (1998) Increased lipid peroxidation and impaired antioxidant enzyme function is associated with pathological liver injury in experimental alcoholic liver disease in rats fed diets high in corn oil and fish oil. Hepatology, 27(5), 1317-1323. CrossRef Scholar google search
Samuhasaneeto S., Thong-Ngam D., Kulaputana O., Suyasunanont D., Klaikeaw N. (2009) Curcumin decreased oxidative stress, inhibited NF-kappa B activation, and improved liver pathology in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats. J. Biomed. Biotechnol., 2009, 981963. CrossRef Scholar google search
Mukhammadieva G.F., Bakirov A.B., Karimov D.O., Valova Ya.V., Ziatdinova M.M., Kudoyarov E.R., Repina E.F., Yakupova T.G. (2021) Expression of the Sod1 gene under conditions of experimental ethanol intoxication and administration of hepatoprotective drugs. Eksperimental'naya i Klinicheskaya Gastroenterologiya, 194(10), 132-137. CrossRef Scholar google search
Akkus I., Gultekin F., Akoz M., Caglayan O., Bahcaci S., Can U.G., Ay M., Gurel A. (1997) Effect of moderate alcohol intake on lipid peroxidation in plasma, erythrocyte and leukocyte and on some antioxidant enzymes. Clin. Chim.Acta, 266(2), 141-147. CrossRef Scholar google search
Bokhan N.A., Patysheva E.V., Prokopieva V.D., Kisel N.I. (2010) Antioxidant enzymes of blood of alcoholics under microwave resonance therapy. Narcologiya, 9(4), 82-84. Scholar google search
Parthasarathy R., Kattimani S., Sridhar M.G. (2015) Oxidative stress during alcohol withdrawal and its relationship with withdrawal severity. Ind. J. Psychological Med., 37(2), 175-180. CrossRef Scholar google search
Huang M.C., Chen C.H., Peng F.C., Tang S.H., Chen C.C. (2009) Alterations in oxidative stress status during early alcohol withdrawal in alcoholic patients. J. Formos. Med. Assoc., 108(7), 560-569. CrossRef Scholar google search
Strashok O.A. (2014) Protsessy svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniya i formirovaniye nespetsificheskikh adaptatsionnykh reaktsiy pri alkogol'nom abstinentnom sindrome. Medichna Psikhologiya, 1, 103-107. Scholar google search
Chelikani P., Fita I., Loewen P.C. (2004) Diversity of structures and properties among catalases. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 61(2), 192-208. CrossRef Scholar google search
Wu S.Y., Chen C.Y., Huang T.L., Tsai M.C. (2020) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glutathione peroxidase as state biomarkers in alcohol use disorder patients undergoing detoxification. Medicine (Baltimore), 99(17), e19938. CrossRef Scholar google search
Bokhan N.A., Ivanova S.A. (2010) Oxidative stress in alcoholism: Opportunities of metabolic correction on the stage of remission’s formation. Narcologiya, 9(10), 45-49. Scholar google search
Tolpygina O.A. (2012) Role of glutathione in the antioxidant defense system (Review). Acta Biomedica Scientifica, 2(2), 178-180. Scholar google search
Kaur R., Kaur J., Mahajan J., Kumar R., Arora S. (2014) Oxidative stress — implications, source and its prevention. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 21(3), 1599-1613. CrossRef Scholar google search
Yashin A., Yashin Ya. (2011) High performance liquid chromatography of oxidative stress markers. Analytika, 1, 34-43. Scholar google search
Gu Y., Han J., Jiang C., Zhang Y. (2020) Biomarkers, oxidative stress and autophagy in skin aging. Ageing Res. Rev., 59, 101036. CrossRef Scholar google search
Zanozina O.V., Borovkov N.N., Sherbatyuk T.G. (2010) Free-radical oxidation at a diabetes mellitus of the 2nd type: Sources of formation, components, pathogenetic mechanisms of toxicity. Sovremennie Tekhnologii v Medicine, 3, 104-112. Scholar google search
Patisheva E.V., Prokopieva V.D., Kisel N.I., Bokhan N.A. (2009) Microwave resonance therapy influence on heme proteins of alcoholics blood. Sibirskii Vestnik Psikhiatrii i Narkologii, 5, 53-55. Scholar google search
Borza C., Muntean D., Dehelean C., Săvoiu G., Şerban C., Simu G., Andoni M., Butur M., Drăgan S. (2013) Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation — a lipid metabolism dysfunction. In: Lipid Metabolism. (Baez R.V., ed.). IntechOpen, London, 474 pp. CrossRef Scholar google search
Mansouri A., Demeilliers C., Amsellem S., Pessayre D., Fromenty B. (2001) Acute ethanol administration oxidatively damages and depletes mitochondrial DNA in mouse liver, brain, heart, and skeletal muscles: Protective effects of antioxidants. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 298(2), 737-743. Scholar google search
Chernikov A.V., Gudkov S.V., Usacheva A.M., Bruskov V.I. (2017) Exogenous 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine: Biomedical properties, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential. Biochemistry (Moscow), 82(13), 1686-1701. CrossRef Scholar google search
Tyulina O.V., Prokopieva V.D., Dodd R.D., Hawkins J.R., Clay S.W., Wilson D.O., Boldyrev A.A., Johnson P. (2002) In vitro effects of ethanol, acetaldehyde and fatty acid ethyl esters on human erythrocytes. Alcohol Alcohol., 37(2), 179-186. CrossRef Scholar google search
Solonsky A.V., Prokopieva V.D., Yarygina E.G. (2018) Neuromorphological and molecular effects of ethanol. Sibirskii Vestnik Psikhiatrii i Narkologii, 2, 28-32. CrossRef Scholar google search
Yarygina E.G., Prokopieva V.D. (2015) Protection of blood plasma proteins and lipids against damage induced by ethanol and acetaldehyde. Sibirskii Vestnik Psikhiatrii i Narkologii, 3, 5-8. Scholar google search
McCaskill M.L., Kharbanda K.K., Tuma D.J., Reynolds J.D., de Vasure J.M., Sisson J.H., Wyatt T.A. (2011) Hybrid malondialdehyde and acetaldehyde protein adducts form in the lungs of mice exposed to alcohol and cigarette smoke. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 35(6), 1106-1113. CrossRef Scholar google search
Mabuchi R., Kurita A., Miyoshi N., Yokoyama A., Furuta T., Goda T., Suwa Y., Kan T., Amagai T., Ohshima H. (2012) Analysis of N(ε)-ethyllysine in human plasma proteins by gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization/ mass spectrometry as a biomarker for exposure to acetaldehyde and alcohol. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 36(6), 1013-1020. CrossRef Scholar google search
Bohan N.A., Prokopieva V.D., Ivanova S.A., Vetlugina T.P., Epimakhova E.V., Plotnikov E.V., Yarygina E.G., Boiko A.S. (2018) Oxidative stress and its correction in patients with alcohol dependence: Results from research at the mental health research institute of the Tomsk national research medical center. Voprosy Narkologii, 3, 27-59. Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Vetlugina T.P., Yarygina E.G., Mandel A.I. (2018) Assessment of oxidative stress peripheral markers in alcoholic patients. Mezhdunarodnyy Zhurnal Prikladnykh i Fundamental'nykh Issledovaniy, 9, 69-73. CrossRef Scholar google search
Vetlugina T.P., Prokopieva V.D., Epimakhova E.V., Boiko A.S., Nikitina V.B., Bokhan N.A. (2022) Cytokine production in whole blood cells culture of patients with alcohol dependence and autologous plasma oxidative stress markers. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 173, 151-154. CrossRef Scholar google search
Chen C.H., Pan C.H., Chen C.C., Huang M.C. (2011) Increased oxidative DNA damage in patients with alcohol dependence and its correlation with alcohol withdrawal severity. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 35, 338-344. CrossRef Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Yarygina E.G., Plotnikov E.V., Vetlugina T.P. (2019) Study of the effects of lithium salts in the presence of ethanol on the blood plasma product of oxidative DNA damage of healthy persons and alcoholic patients. Sibirskii Vestnik Psikhiatrii i Narkologii, 1, 5-11. CrossRef Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Tyulina O.V., Pytina L.P., Bokhan N.A. (2005) The impaired morphology of red blood cells and the oxidative protein modification of erythrocyte ghosts and blood plasma in alcoholism. Voprosy Biologicheskoy, Meditsinskoy i Farmatsevticheskoy Khimii, 2, 13-17. Scholar google search
Bisheva I.V., Gamaleya N.B., Dmitrieva I.G., Nadezhdin A.V., Tetenova E.Yu. (2007) Dynamics of indicators of oxidative stress, antioxidant defense system, endogenous intoxication and biochemical markers of liver damage in patients with alcoholism during treatment with the immunomodulator polyoxidonium. Narcologiya, 6(7), 40-45. Scholar google search
Tseylikman V.E., Babin K.A., Vinogradov D.B., Shatrova Yu.M., Izarovskiy B.V., Manukhina E.B., Dauni G.F., Tseylikman O.B., Mingazov A.Kh. (2013) Features of oxidative stress in patients with alcoholic delirium, infected with hepatitis C viruses and human immunodeficiency. Kazanskiy Meditsinskiy Zhurnal, 94(5), 778-781. CrossRef Scholar google search
Mingazov A.H., Krivulin E.N., Babin K.A., Shatrova Yu.M., Vinogradov D.B. (2013) Gender characteristics of blood plasma oxidative protein modification among older drinkers. Sibirskii Vestnik Psikhiatrii i Narkologii, 3, 9-13. Scholar google search
Panachev I.V., Vinogradov D.B., Babin K.A., Sinitsky A.I. (2012) Features of free radical oxidation in erythrocytes and blood plasma in alcoholic delirium with a predominance of the psychotic component. Fundamental'nyye Issledovaniya, 4(2), 352-355. Scholar google search
Beryozkin A.S., Govorin N.V. (2018) Oxidative stress in patients with delirium tremens. Socialnaya i Klinicheskaya Psihiatriya, 28(4), 26-30. Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Yarygina E.G., Mandel A.I. (2017) Dynamics of oxidative modification of proteins and lipids of blood plasma in alcoholic patients in the process of the therapy. Sibirskii Vestnik Psikhiatrii i Narkologii, 3, 11-15. CrossRef Scholar google search
Osadchaya O.I., Shmatova Ye.A., Boyarskaya A.M. (2009) Metabolic intoxication and ways of its correction in patients with alcoholic liver damage. Vnutrennyaya Meditsina, 3(15), 67-70. Scholar google search
Brooks P.J. (1997) DNA damage, DNA repair, and alcohol toxicity – a review. Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res., 21(6), 1073-1082. CrossRef Scholar google search
Deshpande N., Kandi S., Muddeshwar M., Ramana K.V. (2014) Effect of alcohol consumption and oxidative stress and its role in DNA damage. Am. J. Biomed. Res., 2(1), 7-10. CrossRef Scholar google search
Prokopieva V.D., Yarygina E.G., Bokhan N.A. (2021) Comparative study of oxidized biomacromolecules in blood plasma of healthy individuals, patients with depressive disorders and alcoholic patients. Narcologiya, 20(1), 26-31. CrossRef Scholar google search
Kandi S., Deshpande N., Pinnelli V.B.K., Devaki R., Rao P., Ramana K.V. (2014) Alcoholism and its role in the development of oxidative stress and DNA damage: An insight. Am. J. Med. Sci. Med., 2(3), 64-66. CrossRef Scholar google search
Guidolin V., Carlson E.S., Carrа A., Villalta P.W., Maertens L.A., Hecht S.S., Balbo S. (2021) Identification of new markers of alcohol-derived DNA damage in humans. Biomolecules, 11(3), 366-384. CrossRef Scholar google search
Garaycoechea J.I., Crossan G.P., Langevin F., Mulderrig L., Louzada S., Yang F., Guilbaud G., Park N., Roerink S., Nik-Zainal N., Stratton M.R., Patel K.J. (2018) Alcohol and endogenous aldehydes damage chromosomes and mutate stem cells. Nature, 553(7687), 171-177. CrossRef Scholar google search
Uchida D., Takaki A., Oyama A., Adachi T., Wada N., Onishi H., Okada H. (2020) Oxidative stress management in chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma. Nutrients, 12(6), 1576. CrossRef Scholar google search
